Dexmedetomidine Pharmacology

Dexmedetomidine is a selective alpha-2-adrenergic agonist with sedative characteristics. Dexmedetomidine is commonly used in ICU and procedural sedation, as well as postoperative pain. A few of the more serious adverse effects of dexmedetomidine to keep an eye on including bradyarrhythmias/bradycardia and hypotension. Dexmedetomidine undergoes hepatic metabolism, meaning a dose reduction may be required in patients with impaired hepatic function. Major drug interactions to monitoring for with dexmedetomidine include co-administration with anesthetics, sedatives, hypnotics, and opioids, as it may lead to an enhancement of effects. It is also important to note that dexmedetomidine may produce withdrawal symptoms if used for longer than 24 hours.